AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Solution : A waxy layer known as the cuticle covers the leaves of all plant species. The cuticle reduces the rate of water loss from the leaf surface thereby preventing the evaporation of water from the leaf surfaces.

Detailed explanation-2: -To reduce water loss the leaf is coated in a waxy cuticle to stop the water vapour escaping through the epidermis. Leaves usually have fewer stomata on their top surface to reduce this water loss.

Detailed explanation-3: -The plant cuticle is an extracellular hydrophobic layer that covers the aerial epidermis of all land plants, providing protection against desiccation and external environmental stresses.

Detailed explanation-4: -Some desert-dwelling plants have leaves coated in microscopic hairs that trap water vapor, therefore reducing evaporation. Water primarily evaporates through tiny holes in plant leaves called stomata.

Detailed explanation-5: -Thick waxy cuticle: The cuticle cuts down water loss in two ways: it acts as a barrier to evaporation and also the shiny surface reflects heat and so lowers temperature. Sunken stomata: Stomata may be sunk in pits in the epidermis; moist air trapped here lengthens the diffusion pathway and reduces evaporation rate.