AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -This reaction is considered a reduction because NADPH must donate its electrons to a three-carbon intermediate to make G3P. Regeneration. One G3P molecule leaves the cycle and will go towards making glucose, while five G3Ps must be recycled to regenerate the RuBP acceptor.

Detailed explanation-2: -The output of the Calvin cycle is an energy-rich, three-carbon sugar, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P). A plant cell uses G3P to make glucose, the disaccharide sucrose, and other organic molecules as needed.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Calvin cycle uses carbon from the carbon dioxide, energy from the ATP, and high-energy electrons and hydrogen ions from the NADPH. The cycle’s output is an energy-rich sugar molecule. That sugar is not yet glucose, but a smaller sugar named G3P.

Detailed explanation-4: -Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate or G3P is the product of the Calvin cycle. It is a 3-carbon sugar that is the starting point for the synthesis of other carbohydrates. Some of this G3P is used to regenerate the RuBP to continue the cycle, but some is available for molecular synthesis and is used to make fructose diphosphate.

Detailed explanation-5: -The reactions of the Calvin cycle add carbon (from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere) to a simple five-carbon molecule called RuBP. These reactions use chemical energy from NADPH and ATP that were produced in the light reactions. The final product of the Calvin cycle is glucose.