AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Photosynthesis in C4 plants takes place via the C4 route, also known as the Hatch-Slack Pathway, which is responsible for the dark reaction. These are cool-season plants that like moist, balmy environments. Typically, they are warm-season plants that thrive in hot climates and arid environments.

Detailed explanation-2: -C4 plants-including maize, sugarcane, and sorghum-avoid photorespiration by using another enzyme called PEP during the first step of carbon fixation. This step takes place in the mesophyll cells that are located close to the stomata where carbon dioxide and oxygen enter the plant.

Detailed explanation-3: -So the correct answer is ‘Bundle sheath cells contain PEPcase’.

Detailed explanation-4: -Calvin pathway is a common pathway in both C3 plants and C4 plants, but it takes place only in the mesophyll cells of the C3 Plants but not in the C4 Plants.