AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hence, option c correctly describes the light reaction in which plants utilise light energy and synthesise the assimilatory powers ATP and NADPH. Water plays a major role in light reaction. The splitting of water releases electrons, protons and oxygen.

Detailed explanation-2: -What is photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is the process in which light energy is converted to chemical energy in the form of sugars. In a process driven by light energy, glucose molecules (or other sugars) are constructed from water and carbon dioxide, and oxygen is released as a byproduct.

Detailed explanation-3: -During the process of photosynthesis, light penetrates the cell and passes into the chloroplast. The light energy is intercepted by chlorophyll molecules on the granal stacks. Some of the light energy is converted to chemical energy. During this process, a phosphate is added to a molecule to cause the formation of ATP.

Detailed explanation-4: -Light reaction is the first stage of photosynthesis process in which solar energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. The protein complexes and the pigment molecules help in the production of NADPH and ATP.

Detailed explanation-5: -Conversion of light energy to chemical energy Light energy is converted to chemical energy when a photochemically excited special chlorophyll molecule of the photosynthetic reaction center loses an electron, undergoing an oxidation reaction.