AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -This stage obtains energy from ATP and NADPH formed during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. In this way, Calvin cycle becomes a pathway in which plants convert sunlight energy into long-term storage molecules, such as sugars.

Detailed explanation-2: -Figure 5.14 Light-dependent reactions harness energy from the sun to produce ATP and NADPH. These energy-carrying molecules travel into the stroma where the Calvin cycle reactions take place.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Calvin cycle is not totally independent of light since it relies on ATP and NADH, which are products of the light-dependent reactions. The light-independent reactions of the Calvin cycle can be organized into three basic stages: fixation, reduction, and regeneration.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Calvin cycle has four main steps. Energy to fuel chemical reactions in this sugar-generating process is provided by ATP and NADPH, chemical compounds that contain the energy plants have captured from sunlight.