AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Unlike the light reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, the reactions of the Calvin cycle take place in the stroma (the inner space of chloroplasts). This illustration shows that ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions are used in the Calvin cycle to make sugar.

Detailed explanation-2: -Key Points. The Calvin cycle refers to the light-independent reactions in photosynthesis that take place in three key steps. Although the Calvin Cycle is not directly dependent on light, it is indirectly dependent on light since the necessary energy carriers (ATP and NADPH) are products of light-dependent reactions.

Detailed explanation-3: -In the light reactions, energy from sunlight drives the synthesis of ATP and NADPH, coupled to the formation of O2 from H2O. In the dark reactions, so named because they do not require sunlight, the ATP and NADPH produced by the light reactions drive glucose synthesis.

Detailed explanation-4: -For the synthesis of one glucose molecule, 6 Calvin cycles are necessary and a total of 18 ATP, 12 NADPH are consumed in 6 Calvin cycles. So, for the synthesis of 2 glucose molecules 36 ATP, 24 NADPH and 12 turns of Calvin cycle are needed.

Detailed explanation-5: -The light reaction of photosynthesis produces ATP and NADPH which in turn serve as the energy source to drive the second phase of photosynthesis (dark reactions) during which carbohydrate synthesis takes place.