AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Photosynthesis is the process of synthesis of food by plants using carbon dioxide and water in presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. Oxygen (O2) is released during the process as a waste product. Hence, oxygen is not essential for the process of photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-2: -Carbon dioxide, water, and the sun’s energy are necessary for the chemical reactions of photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-3: -Which of the following is not required for the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis? ATP, stroma, NADPH, and CO2 are required for the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis. H2O is not required for the Calvin cycle.

Detailed explanation-4: -1 Photosynthesis. In photosynthesis a blue/green substance called chlorophyll A and a yellow/green substance called chlorophyll B use light energy (normally sunlight but sometimes artificial) to change carbon dioxide and water into sugars (carbohydrates) and oxygen in the green parts of the plant.

Detailed explanation-5: -Using the energy carriers formed in the first stage of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle reactions fix CO2 from the environment to build carbohydrate molecules. An enzyme, RuBisCO, catalyzes the fixation reaction, by combining CO2 with RuBP.