PHOTOSYNTHESIS
LIGHT DEPENDENT REACTIONS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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They are pumped actively through the ATP synthase. This uses ATP energy and causes the production of ADP and phosphate.
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They flow through the Calvin cycle and produce light.
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Hydrogen ions do not actually flow from the thylakoid space to the stroma. They flow the opposite way.
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They flow passively from the high to low concentration via facilitated diffusion. As they flow through ATP synthase, the enzyme spins and produces ATP.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Why do hydrogen ions flow from the thylakoid space to the stroma through ATP synthase? A. They are pumped actively through ATP synthase. This uses up ATP energy and causes the production of ADP and phosphate.
Detailed explanation-2: -Similarly, hydrogen ions in the matrix space can only pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane through a membrane protein called ATP synthase. This protein acts as a tiny generator turned by the force of the hydrogen ions diffusing through it, down their electrochemical gradient.
Detailed explanation-3: -The high concentration of hydrogen ions pumped into the inner thylakoid space (the thylakoid lumen) can then be used to make ATP by a process called chemiosmosis. The electron finally gets dumped on the molecule NADP (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) changing that molecule into NADPH.
Detailed explanation-4: -A large number of H+ ions accumulate in the thylakoid space as a result of photolysis and electron transport. This creates a concentration gradient across the thylakoid membrane. – The thylakoid space has more Hydrogen than the stroma.
Detailed explanation-5: -This flow of hydrogen ions across the membrane through ATP synthase is called chemiosmosis. Chemiosmosis (Figure 1c) is used to generate 90 percent of the ATP made during aerobic glucose catabolism. The result of the reactions is the production of ATP from the energy of the electrons removed from hydrogen atoms.