AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Mitochondria: Mitochondria are organelles, they have membranes specialized for aerobic respiration. Oxidation of substances (chemical) takes place in mitochondria. It absorbs oxygen and releases energy and carbon dioxide.

Detailed explanation-2: -While most aerobic respiration (with oxygen) takes place in the cell’s mitochondria, and anaerobic respiration (without oxygen) takes place within the cell’s cytoplasm.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mitochondria play a critical role in the generation of metabolic energy in eukaryotic cells. As reviewed in Chapter 2, they are responsible for most of the useful energy derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates and fatty acids, which is converted to ATP by the process of oxidative phosphorylation.

Detailed explanation-4: -The main function of the mitochondria is to provide energy for cellular activity by the process of aerobic respiration. In this process, glucose is broken down in the cell’s cytoplasm to form pyruvic acid, which is transported into the mitochondrion.

Detailed explanation-5: -Mitochondria, cellular organelles of respiration and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, are found in almost all eukaryotic cells.