AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The reactions of the Calvin cycle add carbon (from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere) to a simple five-carbon molecule called RuBP . These reactions use chemical energy from NADPH and ATP that were produced in the light reactions. The final product of the Calvin cycle is glucose.

Detailed explanation-2: -The immediate products of one turn of the Calvin cycle are 2 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) molecules, 3 ADP, and 2 NADP+. (ADP and NADP+ are not really “products". They are regenerated and later used again in the light-dependent reactions).

Detailed explanation-3: -A product of the Calvin cycle is G3P, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. During the Calvin cycle, carbon dioxide combines with RuBP to form carbon-based molecules. ATP and the electron carrier NADPH are used to power the reactions needed to create six molecules of G3P from 3 molecules of carbon dioxide.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Calvin cycle is a progression of reactions that happens in the stoma of chloroplasts in a plant cell. The chemical reactions convert carbon dioxide into glucose with the assistance of ATP and NADPH. These reactions occur in the stoma, the inward space or fluid-filled region of a chloroplast.

Detailed explanation-5: -Six “turns” of the Calvin cycle use chemical energy from ATP to combine six carbon atoms from six CO2 molecules with 12 “hot hydrogens” from NADPH. The result is one molecule of glucose, C6H12O6.