AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Carbon fixation is the first step in the Calvin cycle where carboxylation of RUBP results in the fixation of CO2 to stable organic intermediate.

Detailed explanation-2: -In fixation, the first stage of the Calvin cycle, light-independent reactions are initiated; CO2 is fixed from an inorganic to an organic molecule. In the second stage, ATP and NADPH are used to reduce 3-PGA into G3P; then ATP and NADPH are converted to ADP and NADP+, respectively.

Detailed explanation-3: -This process is called carbon fixation, because CO2 is “fixed” from its inorganic form into organic molecules. ATP and NADPH use their stored energy to convert the three-carbon compound, 3-PGA, into another three-carbon compound called G3P.

Detailed explanation-4: -Carbon fixation is the first step of the Calvin cycle. It involves the enzyme RuBisCO ‘’fixing” CO2 to RuBP, producing two molecules of 3-PGA. Three molecules of CO2 are needed for the Calvin cycle to go through one full turn, producing six 3-PGA molecules. The second step is the reduction of 3-PGA to make G3P.

Detailed explanation-5: -In that first step of carbon fixation, the enzyme rubisco captures carbon dioxide from the atmosphere in order for it to be able to be fixed. The Calvin cycle and carbon fixation are very important because all organisms depend on them in order for the environment to run smoothly.