AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Oxygen and hydrogen ions are also formed from the splitting of water. To replace the electron in the reaction center, a molecule of water is split. This splitting releases an electron and results in the formation of oxygen (O2) and hydrogen ions (H+) in the thylakoid space.

Detailed explanation-2: -A molecule of water splits to release an electron, which is needed to replace the one donated. Oxygen and hydrogen ions are also formed from the splitting of water. The replacing of the electron enables chlorophyll to respond to another photon.

Detailed explanation-3: -The two electrons lost from photosystem II are replaced by the splitting of water molecules. Water splitting also releases hydrogen ions into the lumen. This contributes to a hydrogen ion gradient similar to the one created by mitochondrial electron transport.

Detailed explanation-4: -The specific process in the light-dependent reactions that produces oxygen is the photolysis of water.

Detailed explanation-5: -In this process of photolysis (“splitting by light”), H2O molecules are broken into hydrogen ions, electrons, and oxygen atoms.