AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Unlike the light reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, the reactions of the Calvin cycle take place in the stroma (the inner space of chloroplasts). This illustration shows that ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions are used in the Calvin cycle to make sugar.

Detailed explanation-2: -The series of biochemical redox reactions which take place in the stroma are collectively called the Calvin cycle or light-independent reactions.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Calvin cycle is present in all photosynthetic eukaryotes and also many photosynthetic bacteria. In plants, these reactions occur in the stroma, the fluid-filled region of a chloroplast outside the thylakoid membranes.

Detailed explanation-4: -In the C4 plants, the Calvin cycle occurs in the bundle-sheath cells (in C3 plants this occurs in the mesophyll cells).

Detailed explanation-5: -The Calvin cycle is a progression of reactions that happens in the stoma of chloroplasts in a plant cell. The chemical reactions convert carbon dioxide into glucose with the assistance of ATP and NADPH. These reactions occur in the stoma, the inward space or fluid-filled region of a chloroplast.