AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Stomata are pores found on the leaf surface that regulate the exchange of gases between the leaf’s interior and the atmosphere. Stomatal closure is a natural response to darkness or drought as a means of conserving water.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stomata will close if the plant needs water so there won’t be enough water to generate demand for stomatal opening in the guard cells; this reaction lets the plant save water. Stomata regulate the loss of water and the exchange of gas by opening and closing.

Detailed explanation-3: -Plants close stomata in response to their environment; for example, most plants close their stomata at night. Under drought, plants may also close their stomata to limit the amount of water that evaporates from their leaves.

Detailed explanation-4: -A) Plants conserve water through the leaf by being covered in a waxy layer termed the cuticle. To get water through this waxy layer they have evolved unique features such as the stomata and guard cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -Almost all water used for plant growth is lost to the atmosphere by transpiration through stomatal pores on the leaf epidermis. By altering stomatal pore apertures, plants are able to optimize their CO2 uptake for photosynthesis while minimizing water loss.