AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In a plant cell, chloroplast makes sugar during the process of photosynthesis converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose. In mitochondria, through the process of cellular respiration breaks down sugar into energy that plant cells can use to live and grow.

Detailed explanation-2: -Inside the chloroplasts within leaves, light, water (H2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2) are transformed into energy and sugar (glucose). Using water, sunlight is converted into energy-storing molecules within the plant cells. The energy from these molecules is then used to create glucose from CO2.

Detailed explanation-3: -Glucose is produced in the stroma of the chloroplast of leaves. Plants produce glucose through the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is mainly carried out by the mesophyll cells of the leaves. The mesophyll cells form the ground tissue in the leaf.

Detailed explanation-4: -The liver plays a major role in maintaining glucose homeostasis, as it is the main organ for glucose storage, in the form of glycogen, as well as endogenous glucose production.

Detailed explanation-5: -In plants and algae, which developed much later, photosynthesis occurs in a specialized intracellular organelle-the chloroplast. Chloroplasts perform photosynthesis during the daylight hours. The immediate products of photosynthesis, NADPH and ATP, are used by the photosynthetic cells to produce many organic molecules.