AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Stacks of thylakoids embedded with pigment molecules are called grana. The inner matrix of the chloroplast is called the stroma .

Detailed explanation-2: -The stack of pancakes is the granum; plural grana. The pancakes are thylakoids which are disc-like or pancake-like. Thylakoids are stacked on top of each other and end up resembling a stack of pancakes. There are many “stacks” or grana in one chloroplast.

Detailed explanation-3: -Granum and stroma lamellae A granum (plural grana) is a stack of thylakoid discs. Chloroplasts can have from 10 to 100 grana. Grana are connected by stroma thylakoids, also called intergranal thylakoids or lamellae.

Detailed explanation-4: -The single pancake-like discs in a chloroplast are known as thylakoids. Thylakoids are membrane-bound and are the location of photosynthesis reactions-specifically the light-dependent ones.

Detailed explanation-5: -chloroplast, structure within the cells of plants and green algae that is the site of photosynthesis, the process by which light energy is converted to chemical energy, resulting in the production of oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.