AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Male pine cones produce pollen, which is like a powder. The male cones release their pollen, which is carried around the air by blowing wind, and hopefully to another female pine cone on a different pine tree. If the pollen reaches a female pine cone, this process is called pollination.

Detailed explanation-2: -Male cones make pollen, which is carried to female cones by the wind. After the female gametes are fertilised by male gametes from the pollen, the female cones produce seeds, which are then scattered away from the plant by wind or animals.

Detailed explanation-3: -Further mitosis of the microspore produces two nuclei: the generative nucleus, and the tube nucleus. Upon maturity, the male gametophyte (pollen) is released from the male cones and is carried by the wind to land on the female cone.

Detailed explanation-4: -Answer and Explanation: In gymnosperms, the pollen grains are transferred by the wind, while in the angiosperms, there are several methods through which pollen grains are transferred; these methods include: Ornithophily(transfer by birds). Entomophily(transfer by insects). Anemophily(transfer by wing).

Detailed explanation-5: -Pollination occurs when pollen is transferred from a male to female cone. If sperm then travel from the pollen to an egg so fertilization can occur, a diploid zygote results. The zygote develops into an embryo within a seed, which forms from the ovule inside the female cone.