AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The ovules develop into seeds from which new plants will grow. In most angiosperms, part of the flower develops into fruit, which protects the seeds inside them. Fruit can be soft like oranges or hard like nuts.

Detailed explanation-2: -Ferns generally reproduce by producing spores. Similar to flowering plants, ferns have roots, stems and leaves. However, unlike flowering plants, ferns do not have flowers or seeds; instead, they usually reproduce sexually by tiny spores or sometimes can reproduce vegetatively, as exemplified by the walking fern.

Detailed explanation-3: -Plants such as ferns and mosses are called nonflowering plants and produce spores instead of seeds. There is also another group called the Fungi, that include mushrooms, and these also reproduce by spores.

Detailed explanation-4: -Globally there are around 11, 000 moss species, 7, 000 liverworts and 220 hornworts. As they are not flowering plants, bryophytes reproduce by spores instead of seeds. “They can produce thousands or millions of spores, and they disperse them using the wind as their vector, ” Villarreal says.