AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hornworts are minute nonvascular plants, similar in size to liverworts. They also have very fine rhizoids and lack stems. Their sporophytes are long and pointed, like tiny horns. They rise several centimeters above the gametophytes of the plant.

Detailed explanation-2: -Non-vascular plants, or bryophytes, are plants that lack a vascular tissue system. They have no flowers, leaves, roots, or stems and cycle between sexual and asexual reproductive phases. The primary divisions of bryophytes include Bryophyta (mosses), Hapatophyta (liverworts), and Anthocerotophyta (hornworts).

Detailed explanation-3: -Hornworts are a group of non-vascular Embryophytes (land plants) constituting the division Anthocerotophyta (/ˌænoʊˌsɛrəˈtɒfətə, -təˈfaɪtə/). The common name refers to the elongated horn-like structure, which is the sporophyte.

Detailed explanation-4: -These are the nonvascular plants or bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts), the seedless vascular plants (clubmosses and ferns including, horsetails, club mosses, and whisk ferns), gymnosperms (conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes), and angiosperms, or flowering plants.