AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -6. How do nonvascular plants and seedless vascular plants reproduce? Nonvascular plants and seedless vascular plants both reproduce by sexual means in which there is the production of male and female gametes, and asexual means in which there is a production of spores by the sporophytes .

Detailed explanation-2: -Most nonvascular plants reproduce sexually by creating single-celled spores or asexually by vegetative propagation. Vegetative propagation is when part of the plant breaks off and develops into a new plant with the exact same genetic information as the original plant.

Detailed explanation-3: -Nonvascular plants include liverworts, hornworts, and mosses. They lack roots, stems, and leaves. Nonvascular plants are low-growing, reproduce with spores, and need a moist habitat.

Detailed explanation-4: -Vascular plants like ferns and horsetails don’t have seeds, they reproduce with spores! These plants have two stages, the gametophyte stage and the sporophyte stage. The sporophyte stage is what you are probably most familiar with. This is when the fern has fronds with spores on the underside.

Detailed explanation-5: -Nonvascular Plants Were the First Plants on Earth Another trait of this group is the use of spores rather than seeds to reproduce, and a life cycle dominated by the haploid, egg-and sperm-producing gametophyte stage.