AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The vascular bundles in a monocot stem are scattered throughout the origin of the stem underneath the epidermis. The scattered arrangement of the vascular bundles is a key characteristic that separates herbaceous dicots from monocots. Inside the vascular bundles is the composition of xylem and phloem.

Detailed explanation-2: -Monocot stems have scattered vascular bundles. Dicot stems have their vascular bundles in a ring arrangement.

Detailed explanation-3: -In monocot stems, the vascular bundles are dispersed. In dicot stems, the vascular bundles are arranged in ring.

Detailed explanation-4: -The vascular bundle encloses both xylem and phloem. The xylem is present in the inner surface and phloem in the outer surface and cambium is not present in monocot plants. Hence, the vascular bundles in monocot stem are endarch, closed, and collateral.

Detailed explanation-5: -In the dicot stem, the vascular bundles are arranged in a ring, with pith concentrated at the core of the stem, rather than being scattered throughout the plant interior.