AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Plants such as ferns and mosses are called nonflowering plants and produce spores instead of seeds. There is also another group called the Fungi, that include mushrooms, and these also reproduce by spores.

Detailed explanation-2: -Liverworts, like mosses, are land plants that do not have a vascular system. The lack of veinlike tubes to conduct moisture and nutrients throughout the plant limits them to a small size. Like ferns, they produce spores instead of seeds.

Detailed explanation-3: -Ferns are plants that do not have flowers. Ferns generally reproduce by producing spores. Similar to flowering plants, ferns have roots, stems and leaves.

Detailed explanation-4: -Plants that don’t make seeds are called non-seed plants. Ferns and mosses are non-seed plants. They don’t make seeds, but they make spores, and the new plant grow from this spore.

Detailed explanation-5: -Mosses, liverworts and hornworts are collectively called “bryophytes.” Bryophytes are nonvascular plants: They do not have special tissues-tissues that botanists call “xylem” and “phloem”-to transport fluids and nutrients internally. Additionally, bryophytes do not produce flowers and seeds.