AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The ferns, gymnosperms, and flowering plants are all vascular plants. Because they possess vascular tissues, these plants have true stems, leaves, and roots.

Detailed explanation-2: -Trees, shrubs, grasses, flowering plants, and ferns are all vascular plants; just about everything that is not a moss, algae, lichen, or fungus (nonvascular plants) is vascular. These plants have systems of veins that conduct water and nutrient fluids throughout the plant.

Detailed explanation-3: -Vascular plants include the clubmosses, horsetails, ferns, gymnosperms (including conifers), and angiosperms (flowering plants). Scientific names for the group include Tracheophyta, Tracheobionta and Equisetopsida sensu lato.

Detailed explanation-4: -Vascular plants are also called tracheophytes. The term Tracheophyta is derived from the Greek word trachea (meaning a duct–a vessel in plants). The vascular plants are highly ordered, and land plants, including flowering vascular plants and ferns.