AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In males, the gametes are sperm and in females, the gametes are eggs. When these two gamete combine during fertilization, the result is a zygote, which then continues to develop into an embryo.

Detailed explanation-2: -Two major types of sexual reproduction are syngamy and conjugation. Syngamy refers to the fusion of haploid sex cells resulting in the formation of a diploid zygote. Thus, in essence, syngamy refers to fertilization. It is the most common type of reproduction in multicellular sexual populations, including humans.

Detailed explanation-3: -In fertilization, male and female sex cells or gametes fuse to form a single cell called a zygote. A zygote grows and develops by mitosis into a fully functioning individual. Fertilization is necessary for all organisms that reproduce sexually and there are two mechanisms by which fertilization can take place.

Detailed explanation-4: -Asexual reproduction in animals occurs through fission, budding, fragmentation, and parthenogenesis. Sexual reproduction may involve fertilization inside the body or in the external environment.

Detailed explanation-5: -Most aquatic organisms that reproduce sexually use this method of fertilization. Because it happens outside of the body, we call this “external fertilization”. External fertilization in animals usually occurs in water or in damp areas in a process called spawning.