AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The main factors that influence the variation generated from tissue culture are (1) the degree of departure from organised growth, (2) the genotype, (3) growth regulators and (4) tissue source.

Detailed explanation-2: -Somaclonal variation shows a similar spectrum of genetic variation to induced mutation as both of them result in qualitatively analogous gamut of DNA changes (Cassells et al. 1998). Different factors affect the frequency of development of somaclones under in vitro conditions.

Detailed explanation-3: -The term somaclonal variation refers to outcrossing, inbreeding, vegetative, seed propagated, cultivated, and non-cultivated plants. Both qualitative and quantitative traits are the effects of such variation. The genetic variations can be phenotypic or genotypic.

Detailed explanation-4: -Complete answer: When explant develops from the non meristematic area then it leads to somaclonal variations which appear in tissue culture raised plants.