AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -They aid in the flow of gases between the atmosphere and plants. Guard cells regulate the opening and closing of stomatal holes, which are controlled by the process called osmosis. The entry of water into the stomata makes guard cells swell which leads to the opening of the stomata.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stomata are made up of two guard cells that can swell or shrink. Swelling opens the stomata and shrinking closes the stomata. In most plants, stomata open in response to light, to allow the entry of atmo-spheric CO2 for photosynthesis, and that happens at the expense of extensive water loss via the open stomata.

Detailed explanation-3: -Guard cells are a pair of two cells that surround each stoma opening. To open, the cells are triggered by one of many possible environmental or chemical signals. These can include strong sunlight or higher than average levels of carbon dioxide inside the cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -Guard cells are cells surrounding each stoma. They help to regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata. Light is the main trigger for the opening or closing.

Detailed explanation-5: -This swelling and shrinking is caused by turgor changes within the guard cells. The movement of water into the guard cells increases their turgor, causing the guard cells to swell and opening the stomata.