AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A stem carries out a number of functions essential for various processes such as photosynthesis. Provides a definite framework and structure to a plant which later develops into a tree. Support: Primary function of the stem is to hold up buds, flowers, leaves, and fruits to the plant.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stems also provide support for the plant allowing the leaves to reach the sunlight that they need to produce food. Where the leaves join the stem is called the node. The space between the leaves and the stem is called the internode.

Detailed explanation-3: -stem, in botany, the plant axis that bears buds and shoots with leaves and, at its basal end, roots. The stem conducts water, minerals, and food to other parts of the plant; it may also store food, and green stems themselves produce food.

Detailed explanation-4: -Vascular bundles consist of phloem tissue, xylem tissue, and a layer called the cambium between them. Each vascular bundle is supported by a tough section of parenchyma and sclerenchyma tissue called the pericycle. Pith is the spongy storage tissue in the center of stems, also made up of parenchyma cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -Stems are usually above ground, although the stems of some plants, such as the potato, also grow underground. Stems may be herbaceous (soft) or woody in nature. Their main function is to provide support to the plant, holding leaves, flowers and buds; in some cases, stems also store food for the plant.