AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The most commonly used tissue explants are the meristematic ends of the plants like the stem tip, axillary bud tip and root tip. These tissues have high rates of cell division and either concentrate or produce required growth-regulating substances including auxins and cytokinins.

Detailed explanation-2: -Explant is the portion taken from a plant that will be used to initiate a culture. It can be a portion of the shoot or of the leaves or any other parts of the plant.

Detailed explanation-3: -Thus shoot tips or axillary buds can be used as explants to raise virus free plants via tissue culture. Such a culture using explants containing meristems is known as meristem culture.

Detailed explanation-4: -This explant is usually the meristematic tissue of the plant as the meristematic tissue is capable of rapid growth. Once the explanation is obtained it is placed in a culture media which consists of essential nutrients and hormones which induce root and shoot formation which eventually grows into a complete plant.

Detailed explanation-5: -The process of tissue culture makes use of various techniques to grow the tissues and plants cells under sterile conditions and nutrient medium. The cells or pieces of tissue that are isolated for the process are called explants.