AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Apical meristem is a region of actively dividing cells. It is found at the tip of the shoot and the root. Hence it is responsible for the growth of roots and seeds.

Detailed explanation-2: -Assertion: Apical and intercalary meristems contribute to the growth in length while the lateral meristems bring an increase in the girth of the plant. Reason: Apical and intercalary meristems always increase the height of the plants.

Detailed explanation-3: -Apical meristems are found in root and shoot tips and are responsible for the increase in the length of the plant. Intercalary meristems are found at the bases of young leaves and internodes. They are mainly responsible for further lengthening of stems and leaves.

Detailed explanation-4: -The root apical meristem produces the three primary meristems: procambium, ground meristem, and protoderm. The procambium gives rise to vascular tissues, including the primary xylem and primary phloem. The ground meristem produces the cortex, a ground tissue. The protoderm produces the epidermis, a dermal tissue.