AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Dioecious. Hint: Marchantia is dioecious, therefore, it is considered heterothallic. This means It has two distinct male and female plants. The antheridiophores on male plants give birth to antheridia while the archegoniophores on the female plant give birth to archegonia.

Detailed explanation-2: -Marchantia is homosporous but has separate male gametophyte with antheridiophore and female gametophyte with archegoniophore. Gymnosperms are heterosporous and has dependent separate male and female gametophytes formed in sporophyte and parasitic on sporophyte.

Detailed explanation-3: -Examples of heterothallism are included for Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium marneffei and Neurospora crassa. The heterothallic life cycle of N. crassa is given in some detail, since similar life cycles are present in other heterothallic fungi.

Detailed explanation-4: -Marchantia is considered heterothallic because it is.