AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -As various ions from the soil are actively transported into the vascular tissues of the roots, water follows (its potential gradient) and increases the pressure inside the xylem. This positive pressure is called root pressure, and can be responsible for pushing up water to small heights in the stem.

Detailed explanation-2: -Water and solutes are transported by the xylem from the roots to the leaves, and food is transported from the leaves to the rest of the plant by the phloem. The process by which water evaporates from the leaves and draws more water from the roots is called ‘transpiration’.

Detailed explanation-3: -Transpiration pull is responsible for the translocation of mineral salts in water.

Detailed explanation-4: -Transpiration. Transpiration is the driving force behind uptake and transport of water.

Detailed explanation-5: -Capillary action draws water up within the xylem. Cohesion-tension pulls water up the xylem.