AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Explanation : Roots – Roots grow down because the root respond to gravity by releasing the chemicals that prevent growth on the lower side, thus turning the root downwards.

Detailed explanation-2: -It is essential for roots to grow down so they can explore the soil and maximise their water uptake.

Detailed explanation-3: -Geotropism (also called gravitropism) is the directional growth of an organism in response to gravity. Roots display positive geotropism when they grow downward, while shoots display negative geotropism when they grow upward.

Detailed explanation-4: -Roots help plants get the nutrients and water they need for healthy growth. They also give back to the soil. The deeper and wider they go, the more benefits they provide to soil fertility and stable carbon storage in soils. While alive and active, roots redistribute carbon and nutrients throughout the soil profile.

Detailed explanation-5: -A tap root system penetrates deep into the soil. In contrast, a fibrous root system is located closer to the soil surface, and forms a dense network of roots that also helps prevent soil erosion (lawn grasses are a good example, as are wheat, rice, and corn).