AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The essential functions of roots are anchorage and absorption of water and minerals in the terrestrial plant.

Detailed explanation-2: -Water enters the cells of the root hair by the process of osmosis. Osmosis is the movement of water from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. Hence, they perform the function of absorption.

Detailed explanation-3: -Roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil. They anchor the plant firmly. They help in storing food and nutrients. Roots transport water and minerals to the plant.

Detailed explanation-4: -Absorption of water and nutrients from the soil. Conduction of absorbed water and nutrients to stem. Storage of food. Vegetative reproduction and competition with other plants.

Detailed explanation-5: -Roots do not absorb sunlight as they are below the ground. Sunlight is absorbed by green parts of the plant like the leaves.