AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In plants, photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts, which contain the chlorophyll. Chloroplasts are surrounded by a double membrane and contain a third inner membrane, called the thylakoid membrane, that forms long folds within the organelle.

Detailed explanation-2: -Leaves are sites of photosynthesis The cells in a middle layer of leaf tissue called the mesophyll are the primary site of photosynthesis. Small pores called stomata-singular, stoma-are found on the surface of leaves in most plants, and they let carbon dioxide diffuse into the mesophyll layer and oxygen diffuse out.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are two types of mesophyll cells in the leaves namely palisade mesophyll and spongy mesophyll. Mesophyll cells are provided with a large number of chloroplast. Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast. Hence mesophyll cells of leaves are the principal centre of photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-4: -C3 and C4 photosynthesis C3 photosynthesis is used by the majority of plants. It involves producing a three-carbon compound called 3-phosphoglyceric acid during the Calvin Cycle, which goes on to become glucose.

Detailed explanation-5: -The palisade mesophyll layer is made up of closely-packed, elongated cells located just below the upper epidermis. They contain chloroplasts and carry out most of the photosynthesis.