AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The stomata is open during the daytime and closed during the night. The stomatal aperture or pore is enclosed by bean shaped cells called guard cells. And the guard cells are surrounded by cylindrical shaped subsidiary cells. The opening and closing of the stomata is due to changes in the turgidity of the guard cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -Two highly specialized cells, the guard cells that surround the stomatal pore, are able to integrate environmental and endogenous signals in order to control the stomatal aperture and thereby the gas exchange.

Detailed explanation-3: -A stomate opens and closes in response to the internal pressure of two sausage-shaped guard cells that surround it. The inner wall of a guard cell is thicker than the outer wall.

Detailed explanation-4: -Guard cells are cells surrounding each stoma. They help to regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata. They are kidney shape.

Detailed explanation-5: -The guard cells change shape depending on the amount of water and potassium ions present in the cells themselves. When the guard cells take in potassium ions, water diffuses into the cells by osmosis.