AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The epidermis protects the cells. The waxy cuticle layer is secreted from the epidermis. This forms a barrier against water loss and infections in the plant. It protects the outer body from changes in the environment.

Detailed explanation-2: -On the top of the leaf, this is known as the upper epidermis. This is a single layer of cells found directly below the cuticle. It helps protect the leaf by aiding in preventing water loss and providing an extra layer between the outside and inside of the leaf.

Detailed explanation-3: -Upper Epidermis: Upper epidermis is mainly involved in water conservation by eliminating excess sunlight. Lower Epidermis: Lower epidermis is mainly involved in the gas exchange.

Detailed explanation-4: -Epidermis – transparent, physical defence layer that does not contain chloroplasts. It allows light into the leaf. Palisade mesophyll layer – regularly shaped allowing many to pack together closely at the top of the leaf. These cells also have many chloroplasts in order to trap as much light as possible.

Detailed explanation-5: -Upper epidermis This is a single layer of cells containing few or no chloroplasts. The cells are quite transparent and permit most of the light that strikes them to pass through to the underlying cells. The upper surface is covered with a waxy, waterproof cuticle, which serves to reduce water loss from the leaf.