AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Vascular plants evolved stems made of vascular tissues and lignin. Because of lignin, stems are stiff, so plants can grow high above the ground where they can get more light and air. Because of their vascular tissues, stems keep even tall plants supplied with water so they don’t dry out in the air.

Detailed explanation-2: -The ferns, gymnosperms, and flowering plants are all vascular plants. Because they possess vascular tissues, these plants have true stems, leaves, and roots.

Detailed explanation-3: -Tracheophytes. Unlike bryophytes, tracheophytes have tissues called xylem that transport water, and they have food transporting tissues called phloem. Together the xylem and the phloem are called vascular tissue. Vascular plants have roots, stems and leaves.

Detailed explanation-4: -Due to vascular plants being more efficient in transporting water and nutrients, plants can grow larger and support various structures such as complex leaves, flowers, and intricate root structures. Plants like liverworts and hornworts are not vascular plants due to a lack of vascular tissue.

Detailed explanation-5: -Vascular tissue transports water, minerals, and sugars to different parts of the plant. Vascular tissue is made of two specialized conducting tissues: xylem and phloem. Xylem tissue transports water and nutrients from the roots to different parts of the plant, and also plays a role in structural support in the stem.