AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Apoplast is the space outside the plasma membrane that allows free movement of material. This route plays a crucial role, and allows diffusion of a solvent across the tissue or organ. The response to different environmental and biotic stimuli in apoplast can be an oxidative or respiratory burst (Fig.

Detailed explanation-2: -The apoplast pathway is found in the primary and secondary roots and adheres to the following steps: Water and solutes enter the root through the epidermis (outer boundary of cortex) and then the cortex. Upon leaving the cortex, water and solutes move across the apoplast–cell walls and intercellular space.

Detailed explanation-3: -Apoplast is the system of cell walls which is continuous throughout the plant except in some parts like Casparian strips in the roots. Therefore it cannot be aided by cytoplasmic streaming and cannot occur through plasmodesmata. So, the correct answer is ‘apoplast pathway is faster than the symplast pathway’

Detailed explanation-4: -apoplast does not provide any barrier to water movement and water movement is through mass flow.

Detailed explanation-5: -The apoplast pathway is where water takes a route going from cell wall to cell wall, not entering the cytoplasm at any point. The symplast pathway is where water moves between cytoplasm/vacuoles of adjacent cells.