AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Stomata must open to allow the gas exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen for efficient photosynthesis (see Photorespiration), and light thus typically triggers stomatal opening. When stomata are open, however, water vapor is lost to the external environment, increasing the rate of transpiration.

Detailed explanation-2: -Its prime function is to exchange the gases by closing and opening the pores in the leaves. It assists in eradicating excess water from the leaves. It removes oxygen and takes in carbon dioxide at the time of photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-3: -Stomatal opening is induced by low CO2 concentrations, high light intensity and high humidity. By contrast closing is promoted by high CO2 concentrations, darkness, drought and the plant hormone ABA.

Detailed explanation-4: -Conditions that increase the rate of transpiration include increase in temperature, decrease in humidity, increase in wind speed, and more.