AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The xylem is located towards the adaxial surface of the leaf, whereas, phloem is located towards the abaxial surface of the leaf.

Detailed explanation-2: -They are stacked end to end in the center of the plant, forming a vertical column that conducts water and minerals absorbed by the roots upward through the stem to the leaves. Phloem cells form a similar chain on the outer edges of the xylem, transporting food synthesized by the leaves downward through the stem.

Detailed explanation-3: -A large vascular bundle is in the center of the leaf. The xylem (stained pink) is on the top and the phloem is on the bottom. Image by Maria Morrow (CC-BY-NC).

Detailed explanation-4: -The xylem is all located in the middle of the dicot root, and bundles of phloem are arranged around it, separated from it by vascular cambium. When cells of the vascular cambium divide, they differentiate into secondary growth xylem and phloem, which increases the girth of dicot roots and stems.