AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Stomata are more numerous on the lower side of the leaf to prevent transpiration. Transpiration is the loss of water through stomata, so, more stomata are found on the lower surface to prevent excessive loss of water.

Detailed explanation-2: -A plant does not use most of the water that it absorbs. About 97-99% of the water is lost through transpiration. Transpiration is defined as the physiological loss of water in the form of water vapor, mainly from the stomata in leaves, but also through evaporation from the surfaces of leaves, flowers, and stems.

Detailed explanation-3: -Most of the water a plant loses is lost due to a natural process called transpiration. Plants have little pores (holes or openings) on the underside of their leaves, called stomata. Plants will absorb water through their roots and release water as vapor into the air through these stomata.

Detailed explanation-4: -When the plant opens its stomata to let in carbon dioxide, water on the surface of the cells of the spongy mesophyll and palisade mesophyll evaporates and diffuses out of the leaf. This process is called transpiration . Water is drawn from the cells in the xylem to replace that which has been lost from the leaves.