AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Xylem transports water, minerals, and nutrients from the soil to all the plant parts. There are two types of “transport” tissues in plants-xylem and phloem. Water and solutes are transported by the xylem from the roots to the leaves, and food is transported from the leaves to the rest of the plant by the phloem.

Detailed explanation-2: -The direction of xylem transport is upwards and unidirectional i.e. from roots to other plant parts. The water column moves only upwards because of the two forces, transpirational pull, and positive root pressure.

Detailed explanation-3: -Water from the soil enters the root hairs by moving along a water potential gradient and into the xylem through either the apoplast or symplast pathway. It is carried upward through the xylem by transpiration, and then passed into the leaves along another water potential gradient.

Detailed explanation-4: -Water Transport from Roots to Shoots The phloem and xylem are the main tissues responsible for this movement. Water potential, evapotranspiration, and stomatal regulation influence how water and nutrients are transported in plants.

Detailed explanation-5: -The xylem, however, is a one-way pathway from the roots to the leaves, and its capacity and exact destination are determined by how fast particular parts of the shoot are losing water to the atmosphere, not by the requirements of the shoot for solutes.