AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: –Apoplast and symplast are two routes in plants which help in transportation of water from root hair cells to the xylem of the root.-The main difference between apoplast and symplast is their mechanism of the water movement. Hence, The correct answer is option (A).

Detailed explanation-2: -Symplast refers to the continuous arrangement of protoplasts of a plant, which are interconnected by plasmodesmata. Apoplast consists of non protoplasmic parts such as cell wall and intracellular space. Apoplast is composed of nonliving parts of a plant. Symplast is composed of living parts of a plant.

Detailed explanation-3: -Apoplast is non-living and involves cell walls and intercellular spaces. It is continuous throughout the plant except at casparian strips of endodermis. Symplast is living and involves cytoplasm and plasmodesmata through which neighbouring cells are connected.

Detailed explanation-4: -In the apoplast pathway (apoplastic route), water moves through the spaces between the cells and in the cells walls themselves. In the symplast pathway (symplastic route), water passes from cytoplasm to cytoplasm through plasmodesmata (Figure 17.1. 4. 4).

Detailed explanation-5: -Nowadays, the apoplast is defined as the intercellular space filled with gas and water, contained between cell membranes, the interfibrillar and intermicellar space of the cell walls, and the xylem extending to the rhizoplane and cuticle of the outer plant surface (Figure 1).