AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The root system of the plant consists of a main root which gives out lateral roots. The lateral roots bear a large number of fine outgrowths called root hairs. The numerous root hairs provide a large surface area. More the surface area, more is the absorption of water from the soil.

Detailed explanation-2: -Root hairs are the small tubular extensions of the root surface which help in the absorption of water and minerals from the soil. It increases the surface area for absorption. More number of root hairs will increase the surface area and increase water absorption also.

Detailed explanation-3: -In higher plants, water is absorbed through root hairs from the soil water. The walls of root hairs are permeable to water and are hydrophilic in nature. They contain vacuoles filled with cell sap. Absorption of water by roots takes place by two mechanism namely, active absorption and passive absorption.

Detailed explanation-4: -Their distinctive lateral elongation increases the surface of exchange between the plant’s root system and the soil. The main function of root hairs is the uptake of water and nutrients from the rhizosphere.

Detailed explanation-5: -Root hairs collect water and minerals that are present in the soil. They also increase the surface area for absorption.