AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An axillary bud, the precursor of a branch or lateral shoot, is formed at the junction between a leaf and the stem.

Detailed explanation-2: -When the shoot is cut off, the lateral bud begins to lengthen which is mediated by a release of cytokinin. Once the apical dominance has been lifted from the plant, elongation and lateral growth is promoted and the lateral buds grow into new branches.

Detailed explanation-3: -The axillary bud (or lateral bud) is an embryonic or organogenic shoot located in the axil of a leaf. Each bud has the potential to form shoots, and may be specialized in producing either vegetative shoots (stems and branches) or reproductive shoots (flowers).

Detailed explanation-4: -In plants with lateral branching, a main stem grows from an apical bud or terminal bud (a region of the shoot tip that includes the apical meristem), and lateral (side) branches are produced from lateral buds, each with its own apical meristem. Thus, branching is not caused by division of the shoot apex.