AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Phloem is comprised of cells called sieve-tube elements. Phloem sap travels through perforations called sieve tube plates.

Detailed explanation-2: -The phloem sap contains high quantities of sugars, amino acids, vitamins, and organic and inorganic acids. Sugars and amino acids are the major components of the phloem sap.

Detailed explanation-3: -The phloem is composed of three types of cells – the conducting cells, the parenchyma cells and the supportive cells. The conducting cells, also called sieve elements, are composed of columns of sieve tube cells that have perforations in their lateral walls and that helps in the conduction of food throughout the plant.

Detailed explanation-4: -Phloem sap contains water, hormones, sugar and amino acids. During the process of photosynthesis glucose is synthesized and then converted into sucrose. Sucrose is the form of sugar which is translocated in plants.

Detailed explanation-5: -Phloem sap mainly consists of water and sucrose, but other sugars, hormones and amino acids are also present.