AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When a cell’s DNA has become damaged beyond repair, the cell undergoes which of the following processes? Explanation: Apoptosis is programmed cell death, and it usually occurs when the DNA of the cell is damaged beyond repair.

Detailed explanation-2: -Apoptosis induced by many chemical genotoxins is the consequence of blockage of DNA replication, which leads to collapse of replication forks and DSB formation. These DSBs are thought to be crucial downstream apoptosis-triggering lesions.

Detailed explanation-3: -If the damage is beyond repair, the cell will normally send itself into apoptosis, ensuring that it will not pass on its damaged DNA. When cells have DNA damage but fail to undergo apoptosis, they may be on the road to cancer.

Detailed explanation-4: -Apoptosis is a secondary response to DNA damage, with the biological goal of protecting a multicellular organism against a damaged cell. The p53-dependent transcription response can also trigger another secondary response to protect the organism, and this is to enforce the growth arrest of a damaged cell.

Detailed explanation-5: -Apoptosis normally happens in cells that have been around in the body long enough that they’re kind of worn out, and so they need to make way for nice, new young cells. When that doesn’t happen, that’s cancer.