AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The segregation of the replicated chromosomes is brought about by a complex cytoskeletal machine with many moving parts-the mitotic spindle. It is constructed from microtubules and their associated proteins, which both pull the daughter chromosomes toward the poles of the spindle and move the poles apart.

Detailed explanation-2: -Kinetochore microtubules attach to the condensed chromosomes of mitotic cells at their centromeres, which are associated with specific proteins to form the kinetochore (see Figure 4.16).

Detailed explanation-3: -Long protein fibers called microtubules extend from the centrioles in all possible directions, forming what is called a spindle. Some of the microtubules attach the poles to the chromosomes by connecting to protein complexes called kinetochores.

Detailed explanation-4: -Each sister chromatid attaches to spindle microtubules at the centromere via a protein complex called the kinetochore.

Detailed explanation-5: -Kinetochore proteins are multiprotein complexes that bind the centromeres of a chromosome to the microtubules of the mitotic spindle.