AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Another important event during prometaphase is the development of a protein formation called a kinetochore around the centromere, the central point joining the sister chromatids. Long protein filaments called kinetochore microtubules extend from poles on either end of the cell and attach to the kinetochores.

Detailed explanation-2: -At metaphase, the kinetochore, a proteinaceous multidomain structure, is assembled on the outer surface of the centromere, promoting attachment of the chromosome to spindle microtubules and movement during anaphase.

Detailed explanation-3: -Prometaphase is the phase of mitosis following prophase and preceding metaphase, in eukaryotic somatic cells. In prometaphase, the nuclear membrane breaks apart into numerous “membrane vesicles", and the chromosomes inside form protein structures called kinetochores.

Detailed explanation-4: -During ‘prometaphase’, chromosomes oscillate back and forth between centrosomes and the center of the cell while microtubules attach to the kinetochore areas of chromosomes facing the opposite mitotic poles, therefore ensuring equal separation and subsequent distribution to the dividing daughter cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -At prometaphase (late prophase) the chromosomes condense inside the nuclear envelope and asters of fibers appear on the outside of the chromosomes. When the nuclear envelope has disappeared, a spindle forms in prometaphase.