AP BIOLOGY

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THE CELL

CELL COMMUNICATION

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Bacteria are single-celled prokaryotes. When large numbers of bacteria populate a certain area, they secrete chemicals that signal cooperative behavior. For example, a biofilm is a group of cooperatively working bacteria, where different bacteria in different locations perform different functions. This is an example of cell signalling can best be described as:
A
quorum sensing.
B
altruistic behavior.
C
competitive exclusion.
D
steroid hormone signaling pathways.
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Paracrine signaling occurs between cells in close proximity to each other. Here, a soluble signaling molecule secreted by one cell diffuses to another cell in the local neighborhood.

Detailed explanation-2: -Paracrine Signaling: This takes place across short distances between two cells. This method of communication allows cells to coordinate movement and activity with their neighbors. An example of this is called synaptic signaling.

Detailed explanation-3: -Quorum sensing is a cell-to-cell communication process that enables bacteria to collectively modify behaviour in response to changes in the cell density and species composition of the surrounding microbial community.

Detailed explanation-4: -Multiple cell types can then join together to form tissues such as muscle, blood, and brain tissue. In single-celled organisms, signaling allows populations of cells to coordinate with one another and work like a team to accomplish tasks no single cell could carry out on its own.

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